Metabolic Complications of HIV and Antiretroviral Therapy: Dyslipidemia, Insulin Resistance, and Cardiovascular Disease
Summary
- HIV infection confers risk of abnormal glucose metabolism in the absence ART
- Additional risks include HCV coinfection, lipodystrophy, vitamin D deficiency, higher levels of inflammatory markers following ART initiation, family history of glucose abnormalities, older age, race, and obesity[Yazicioglu 2004; Mehta 2003a; Mehta 2003b; Brown 2005; Jones 2005b; Calza 2011; Szep 2011; Brown 2010]
- Antiretroviral-specific risk factors for glucose abnormalities include exposure to PIs and to a lesser extent, certain NRTIs[Behrens 1999b; Mauss 1999; Grinspoon 2005; De Wit 2008; Tien 2008]
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