Introduction

• Global HIV incidence is declining due to the expansion of HIV programs and emerging HIV prevention strategies, although declines have slowed in more recent years^{[UNAIDS Global AIDS Update 2016; CDC HIV Surveillance]}
• Regionally, and within certain populations, HIV incidence is increasing^{[CDC HIV Surveillance]}
  • A combination of prevention strategies, including behavior change, condom provision, male circumcision, focused programs for at-risk individuals, and access to antiretroviral therapy is needed to combat HIV transmission in these settings (Figure)
• Male circumcision, a vaccine combination, tenofovir gel, oral emtricitabine tenofovir DF, and oral tenofovir DF have been shown to reduce HIV acquisition[...

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