inPractice® - Naltrexone

Special Considerations and Clinical Management of HIV-Infected Drug Users

Author: Frederick L. Altice, MD (More Info)
Editors in Chief: Daniel R. Kuritzkes, MD; Joseph J. Eron, Jr., MD
Last Reviewed: 4/1/16 (What's New)

Summary

Naltrexone is an opiate-receptor antagonist used in the treatment of opioid dependence^{[Greenstein 1983; Roth 1997; Lobmaier 2008]}
Use among HIV-infected drug users is discouraged as methadone and buprenorphine have higher retention rates^{[Stotts 2009]}
In 2010, the FDA approved extended-release naltrexone, administered as a monthly intramuscular injection, for the treatment of opioid dependence^{[Gastfriend 2011]}

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Keywords: Initial Antiretroviral Therapy, IV Drug Use, Special Populations, Treatment Complications