inPractice® - Antiretroviral Therapy in Infants With HIV

Management of Children With or Exposed to HIV

Authors: James A. McAuley, MD, MPH; Mariam Aziz, MD (More Info)
Editors in Chief: Joseph J. Eron, Jr., MD; Daniel R. Kuritzkes, MD
Last Reviewed: 9/5/21 (What's New)

Summary

ART regimens including ≥ 3 drugs are recommended for treatment of HIV infection in children (Management Guidelines)^{[DHHS Pediatric]}
ART has been associated with improved survival, reduction in opportunistic infections and other comorbidities, improved growth and neurocognitive function, and improved quality of life^{[McConnell 2005]}

When to Start Antiretroviral Therapy in Infants (Younger Than 12 Months of Age)

Treatment guidelines from the DHHS and WHO recommend initiating ART in all infants with HIV younger than 12 months of age, regardless of clinical status, CD4+ cell count, or HIV-1 RNA (Management Guidelines)^{[DHHS Pediatric]}(Management Guidelines)^{[WHO ART]}

Choice of Initial Antiretroviral Therapy in Infants (Younger Than 12 Months of Age)

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Keywords: Initial Antiretroviral Therapy, Pediatric/Adolescent Patients, Pediatric/Adolescent Patients